Improved burning-kiln for brick, tiles



in the county of Allegheny,

. the same, reference being 'had tgtheannexeddrawingf apparatus such substances as coal and wood. lVe also are aware ,ing fuels; and in brick-kilns, as ordinarily constructed,

. close, with no other openings except such `as are Anecesav `of the carbonio-acid gas producedA by the combustion'V ,placed in such chamber with ilame, andcause them be uniformly heated.

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HENRY AIKEN,`OF PITTSBURG, AND HENRY M 4ALLISTER, JR., AND HENRY G'.-MORRIS, OFPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letterslatent No. 87,455, elated4 March 2, 1869 IMIPROVED BURNING-KIN- FOR BRICK TILES, acc.

MF4- a Thelshedule referred 4to in these Letters Patent *and making part of the name.

To all whoml 'it may-concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY AIKEN, of Pittsburg, and State of Pennsylvania, HENRY MCALLISTER, J r., .of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, and HENRY G. Mowers,'oflhiladel-A phia,in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Kilns for" Burning Brick, Tile, and Earthenware; and we do hereby declare that the following. is a full, clear, and exactdescription of ings, making part of thisA specification, in ,which-l` Figure l is a perspective view of the kiln; Eigure `2, a perspective view of the gas-manufactur- Figure 3, a verticall section across the kiln; and

Figure 4- is a similar section of the gas-apparatus.

The same' letters in the several iigures are used to indicate corresponding parts. ,l

A Our improvements relate to kilns, or ovens, such as are used. for burning bricks, tile, or earthenware; and

Our invention consists in so constructing such kilns, or ovensgthat gas made outside'of the, said kilns, or ovens, being introduced thereto under pressure, may be used for heating the same, thereby producing a uniform temperature throughout such kilns, or ovens.

Combustion is, we are aware, caused by the ignition of gases evolved by the destructive distillation of that there is great loss in the -ordinary modes of burnthere is not only great waste of the heat, but it is so unequally applied, that manyoffthe-bricks are spoiled, by being overburned, while in other parts of the kiln they are not sufficiently burned.

Ourobject is to prevent this waste of heat, and to insurev the uniform burning of the brick,'tile, or earth enware exposed to its action.

These objects we accomplish by generating the gases in an' apparatus separate froml the kiln, or oven, and causing them to be burned, after being forccd'f into the latter through conduits suitably arranged for the purpose. To this end the kiln, or oven, should be made sary for the' admission of 'such gases, and for the escape of the inflammable gases.

The gases, thus forced into a kilnor ov'en, will fdl every part of the combustion-chamber, and, being properly mingledwitli oxygen, supplied by atmospheric air or thcdecomposition of water, will surround articles- It will be apparent at onccthat the form of the cornbustion-chamber, and also of the gas-generating appa 'ratus, maybe .almost indefinitely varied, and while we do not limit our claim to any peculiar form, we will set foith one which' we believe to be good. y

'A is a kiln suitable for burningbrick, &c. It is constructed with two walls, A and B.

The inner wall, B, is built within the external wall, A', leaving au air-passage between the two.

, Through these walls a door, or doors, are formed,

which may be tightly closed after the bricks or other articles have been placed within the combustion-chamber, said articles being so arranged as to leave between lllame, and the pressure applied to the gases in the generator will be suiiicieut to force the carbonio-acid or;` other non-inammable gases, through openings at thebottom of the internal wall B, upward between the two walls, and into the open air, through the openings at E. l

lThe gas-generator is shown at F.

It is an enclosed furnace, divided into two parts by the diagonal partition G, and grate H, on which the fuel lies, as shown at I, iig. 4. l

The fuelv may be introduced through a door at K.

L is the ash-pit, through which the non-combustible residuum of the fuel may be withdrawn.

- M is a pipe, through whicha jet of steam may be forced into the chamber below the grate, and

N is an air-pipe, through which a current of air may be .forced from a pressure blast.

This 'pipe opens belowthe grate, and a branch-pipe,

N', therefrom, opens into the chamber above the f l.-

i stances.

` In using this kiln for burning brick, we propose to put, in the bottom of the kiln, say, eight rows of brick,

.and atA night to light the jets from va series of pipes, O',

placed in the bottom of -the kiln, using this heat simply. for the purpose of drying the brick.

Forthis purposev it is not necessary to luse the pressiy ure-blast, as the draught through the 'open pipes N wlll.be.suicient to maintain the necessary combustion of the fuel.' l

The next day, another course of, say, eight rows will l be again added to the pile in the kiln, and so on, drying each days work until the kiln is filled, when the pressure-blast must be applied,and the doors of the combustion-chamber kept closed.` The water, as evaporated from the brick in burning them, will, by t-he great heat, be decomposed, and its and air into the kiin, for combustion under pressure, gaseous elements add, by their combustion, to the substantially :is herein set forth,

maintenance of a high and uniform heat in the oom- In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to bnstion-cbamben l I this specification. inthe presence of two subsiibing What We claim as our invention, and desire to secure witnesses. by Letters Patent, is- 'HENRY AIKEN.

The kiln A, with its double walls A' B, and system HENRY MGALLISTER, JB. of induction-pipes O G D, in combination with an in- Witnessesz HENRY G. MORRIS. dependent gas-generator, F, :md pipes N Ncouueeted J. P. DELANEY,

with a pressure-b1a`st,f0r introducing the mingled gases ROBERT P. CARROLL. 

